The Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) was first published in 1980 and subsequently updated in 1983, 1986, 1988, and 1990. It is the first widely accepted standard exchange format used to communicate a modeling database among dissimilar CAD/CAM systems. In fact, IGES has also been utilized for transfer of data between the company and its suppliers and customers. We can consider IGES as a means of creating a Toned oi an object. Because the entities of the IGES are a superset of common entities of all systems can communicate with it. Thus, IGES helps develop a communication link among systems.
Like many other standard formats, the IGES file structure is formed in this fashion: flag section, start section, global section, directory entry section, parameter data section, and terminate section. The flag section is used to share information such as the standard's name, version, and error message (conversion). This tells the user directly whether the conversion is successful. The start section stores information such as the name of the sending (source) and receiving (target) CAD/CAM systems. The global section describes global information that will affect all entities that are stored in the next two sections; that is, the directory entry section and the parameter data section. The directory entry section is the body of the IGES file, which contains the entities' names as discussed before. The parametric data in the parameter data section define the entities. The terminate section contains a single record for checking purposes. Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) ISO 10303 is an international standard to provide an unambiguous representation and exchange mechanism of computer-interpretable product information throughout the life cycle of a product. It also provides a consistent data exchange format and application interfaces between different application systems such as CAD/CAM software. The data-descriptive languages, EXPRESS and EXPRESS-G, are used to define the representation of product data information and different implementation methods with conformance tests. The present implementation methods include file exchange, application programming interface and database sharing.
Although ISO 10303 is a very large document, it is divided into many parts which allow a user to access the required information more easily (NIST Part 1-Part 44, 1991). The parts of ISO 10303 are organized as
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Description methods (parts 11 to 19);
Integrated resources: generic (parts 41 to 99);
Integrated resources: application (parts 101 to 199);
Application protocols (parts 201 to 1199);
Conformance testing (parts 31 to 39);
Abstract test suits (parts 1201 to 2199);
Implementation methods (parts 21 to 29).
Since STEP is still under development, not all the parts available. The current version of STEP consists of the following:
Parti:Overview and fundamental principles;
Parti 1:Description methods: EXPRESS language;
Part21:Implementation methods: clear text encoding of the exchange structure;
Part31:Conformance testing;
Part41:Integrated generic resources: fundamentals description and support;
Part42:Integrated generic resources: geometric and topological representation;
Part43:Integrated generic resources: representation structure;
Part44:Integrated generic resources: product structure configuration;
Part46:Integrated generic resources: visual presentation;
PartlOl:Integrated generic resources: draughting;
Part201:Application protocol: explicit draughting;
Part203:Application protocol configuration controlled design.
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